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Gilling Abbey was a medieval Anglo-Saxon monastery established in Yorkshire. It was founded at Gilling in what is currently Yorkshire〔Blair ''Church in Anglo-Saxon Society'' p. 187 footnote 20〕 by Queen Eanflæd, the wife of King Oswiu of Northumbria, who persuaded her husband to found it at the site where Oswiu had killed a rival and kinsman, King Oswine of Deira.〔 Oswine died around 651 or 652. Eanflæd forced her husband to found the monastery in order to atone for Oswine's death, since Eanflæd was Oswine's second cousin.〔Kirby ''Earliest English Kings'' p. 78〕 Under the laws of the time, the only way Eanflæd could take revenge for her cousin's death was to kill her husband or accept a substantial gift known as a weregild. The abbey was built on that weregild.〔Yorke ''Kings and Kingdoms'' p. 80〕 Eanflæd also requested that the first abbot be a kinsman of Oswine.〔Yorke ''Conversion of Britain'' p. 230〕 By founding the monastery shortly after Oswine's death,〔Mayr-Harting ''Coming of Christianity'' p. 106〕 Oswiu and Eanflæd avoided the creation of a feud.〔Yorke ''Conversion of Britain'' p. 234〕 The monastery promoted Oswine as a saint, one of a number of murdered Anglo-Saxon kings that were considered saints.〔Yorke ''Conversion of Britain'' p. 193〕 The first abbot of the monastery was a relative of Oswine's named Trumhere.〔Kirby "Northumbria" ''Saint Wilfrid at Hexham'' p. 19〕 The second abbot was Cynefrith, who later left the abbey and went to Ireland.〔Blair ''World of Bede'' p. 101〕 Another early abbot was Trumbert, who either became Bishop of Hexham after being abbot,〔Kirby "Northumbira" ''Saint Wilfrid at Hexham'' p. 23〕 or was abbot after being deposed as bishop.〔Kirby ''Earliest English Kings'' p. 91〕 Gilling may be identical with the monastery of ''Ingetlingum'', which had close ties to the monastery at Ripon, which was held by Wilfrid.〔Roper "Wilfrid's Landholdings" ''Saint Wilfrid at Hexham'' p. 61〕 Gilling became depopulated from the plague,〔Blair ''World of Bede'' pp. 162–163〕 sometime before 669.〔Mayr-Harting ''Coming of Christiantiy'' p. 166〕 Because of this, one of the monks there, Ceolfrith, brother of Cynefrith, went to Ripon.〔 Ceolfrith later went to Wearmouth-Jarrow, where he became abbot.〔 It is unknown whether the depopulation of the monastery from the plague meant the end of the religious community at Gilling, or if it continued to exist after that.〔Pickles "Locating ''Ingetlingum'' and ''Suthgedling''" ''Northern History'' p. 316〕 The abbey's location has traditionally held to have been in or near Gilling West, Yorkshire. An alternative location of Gilling East, Yorkshire has been proposed by historians Richard Morris and Ian Wood.〔Pickles "Locating ''Ingetlingum'' and ''Suthgedling''" ''Northern History'' pp. 313-314〕 ==Citations== 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Gilling Abbey」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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